What is the Insertion Sort Algorithm?

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Read on to know more about Insertion Sort Algorithm.

What is the Insertion Sort Algorithm?

// ALGORITHM FOR INSERTION SORT

Algo insertion_sort(p,n)
// p[0,..n-1] is an array of n elements that are to be sorted in ascending order

{
for(k=1;k<n;k++)
{
temp=p[k];
for(j=k-1;j>=0 && temp<p[j];j--)
[j+1]=p[j];
p[j+1]=temp;
}
} // end Algo

Just like playing cards and sorting the cards, the Insertion Sort Algorithm is a simple and easy way of sorting algorithm that sequentially sorts each item in the final sorted array or list. One can place each element in its proper place using this algorithm.

Java, Python, C++, and C language all have a similar function for the insertion sort algorithms.

There is a drawback to this algorithm though. Unlike other sorting algorithms like quicksort, heapsort, or merge sort, Insertion Sort Algorithm has low efficiency while working on comparatively larger data sets.

There is more to know about Insertion Sort Algorithm though. Read on to know more.

Advantages of Insertion Sort Algorithm

The following are some of the benefits of the insertion sort algorithm and areas where its efficiency is proven-

Insertion sort is efficient for small data sets like other quadratic sorting algorithms
The algorithm necessitates a constant amount of O(1) extra memory space
It is efficient in working with data sets that have been sorted in a significant way
It does not change the relative order of elements with the same key

Disadvantages of Insertion Sort Algorithm

Insertion sort is very simple and easy to work with. But even after being a simple and effective algorithm to work with small data sets, it has its own disadvantages. Some of the disadvantages of the Insertion Sort algorithm are-

It cannot provide efficient performance with extensive data sets
It exhibits the worst-case time complexity of O(n2)
It does not give better performance than other advanced sorting algorithms

Working of Insertion Sort Algorithm

The following are the steps to sort an array in the ascending order-

Step 1- Reiterate through the array from arr[1] to arr[n]
Step 2- Compare the old and new elements
Step 3- Once compared, if the data at the current index is less than the data at the previous index one needs to compare it with the element before it
Step 4- One needs to shift the bigger elements to the next index to make space for the swapped elements, and then repeat through Step 1 to Step 4 to sort the complete array

Implementing the Insertion Sort Algorithm

Here is an example of using the insertion sort algorithm to sort a one-dimensional array of elements.

Code-

// A C++ program to sort an array using insertion sort
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
// A Function to sort an array using insertion sort
void insertion_sort(int array[], int size)
{
int i, key, k;
for (i = 1; i< size; i++)
{
key = array[i];
k = i-1;
// Move Ar[0..i-1] elements,
// which are larger than the key,
// to one place over their present location
while (k>= 0 && array [k] > key)
{
Array[k+1] = array[k];
k= k=1;
}
array[k+1] = key;
}
}
// A function to print the array of size n
void print_array(int array[], int size)
{
int i;
for (i=0; i< size; i++)
cout << array [i] << “ “ ;
cout << endl;
}
/* Driver Code*/
int main()
{
int arr[] = {6, 5, 4, 2, 3};
int size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
cout<< “Array before sorting:\n”;
print_array(arr, size);
return 0;
}
Output
Array before sorting- 6 5 4 2 3
Array after sorting- 2 3 4 5 6

Here was the tutorial for the Insertion Sort Algorithm that is used by programmers and web developers in various programming languages like Python, Java, C++, and C Language.

Learning about the insertion sort algorithm that is used in different programming languages like Java, C++, Python, and C Langauge improves the eligibility of a candidate applying as a web developer. It helps a candidate in becoming efficient in Java, Python, C++, C Language, and more that further improves their job prospects to become efficient-

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Some FAQs on Insertion Sort Algorithm-

1. What is the Insertion Sort Algorithm?

2. Does the insertion sort algorithm function in the same way in Java, Python, C++, and C Language?

Yes, the insertion sort algorithm functions in the same way in Java, Python, C++, and C Language.

3. Mention the advantages of the Insertion Sort Algorithm?

The advantages of the Insertion Sort Algorithm are-

Insertion sort is efficient for small data sets like other quadratic sorting algorithms
The algorithm necessitates a constant amount of O(1) extra memory space
It is efficient in working with data sets that have been sorted in a significant way
It does not change the relative order of elements with the same key

4. What are the disadvantages of the Insertion Sort Algorithm?

The disadvantages of the Insertion Sort Algorithm are-

It cannot provide efficient performance with extensive data sets
It exhibits the worst-case time complexity of O(n2)
It does not give better performance than other advanced sorting algorithms

5. From where can I learn more about the Insertion sort algorithm of various programming languages?

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